1. Elohim as Meaning Potential
“In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth.” From the outset, the narrative situates Elohim as the source of all that follows. But what is Elohim? Not a person, but a principle: a symbolic figure for the system of meaning potential—the structured capacity of language to construe experience.
This meaning potential precedes the creation of any specific thing. It is not yet instance—it is not yet text. It is pure potential: the general semiotic capacity from which all meaning arises.
2. “Let there be…”: Instantiating Meaning from Potential
With each divine speech act—“Let there be light,” “Let there be a firmament…”—language does not describe, but instantiate. It construes aspects of potential experience as actualised meaning. The symbolic movement here is from meaning potential to meaning instance: from the system of possible construals to their actualisation in text-like acts.
This is not the creation of a world out of nothing, but the semiotic construal of a world from experience.
3. Separating and Naming: Differentiation of Meaning
A key motif in the creation sequence is separation—light from dark, water from land, day from night. These acts symbolise the differentiation of meaning: the creation of paradigmatic contrasts that allow meaning to take form.
Naming reinforces this: “God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night.” These are not acts of labelling an external world; they are acts of semantic categorisation. Naming is a process of systematising experience by construing it through meaning.
4. The System Builds in Delicacy
As the days unfold, the complexity of creation increases. From light and dark, to sky and sea, to plants, animals, and finally humankind—the sequence symbolises a movement from less delicate to more delicate meanings. In SFL terms, the meaning potential is expanding in delicacy, building a more nuanced and differentiated system of construal.
5. “Let us make man in our image”: Language Construes the Meaner
The culmination of this semiotic creation is not the making of a creature, but the making of a meaner.
“Let us make man in our image…” is the moment in which the system of meaning potential turns reflexively on itself. To be made in the image of Elohim is not to look like a god, but to function like language—to instantiate meaning from potential. The meaner is construed: a semiotic subject capable of selecting, actualising, and transforming meaning.
This is the symbolic birth of semiotic agency.
6. Dominion as Semiotic Agency
“Let them have dominion over the fish of the sea…” This has often been read as a charter for material control, but within a semiotic reading, it points to the agency of the meaner: the ability to organise, categorise, and transform experience through meaning.
The meaner does not dominate nature physically, but semiotically: by construing experience in ways that matter.
7. The Breath of Life: Instantiating Consciousness
In Genesis 2, the story is retold in another key. Now, it is Yahweh Elohim who forms man from the dust of the ground and breathes into him the “breath of life.” This is not a contradiction of the first version but a re-symbolisation. Where Genesis 1 foregrounds the cosmological function—meaning potential as the organising force of the cosmos—Genesis 2 introduces the sociological function, as defined by Joseph Campbell: the emergence of meaning within a differentiated community.
The “breath” is symbolic not of a soul, but of semiotic activation: the moment when meaning potential becomes conscious. The formed body becomes a living subject not by material change, but by receiving the principle of instantiation. This breath is the capacity to construe experience as meaning—to be a meaner.
8. The Creation of Woman: Individuation of Meaning Potential
The creation of woman in Genesis 2 is often read literally or mythically, but its symbolic import deepens when read semiotically. After forming man and breathing into him the capacity to construe meaning, Yahweh Elohim declares, “It is not good for the man to be alone.”
At this point, the man symbolises the collective meaning potential—an undifferentiated semiotic centre capable of instantiating meaning, but lacking differentiation. He is a meaner, but not yet part of a community of meaners. The creation of woman addresses this symbolic incompleteness.
She is not made from dust, but from the man’s side—from his rib. This is not a sign of hierarchy or subordination, but of shared substance: she is not a separate creation but a differentiation within the same meaning system. The rib symbolises the portioning out of semiotic potential—a move from the collective to the individual. The man remains as symbol of the collective, and the woman becomes the symbol of the individuated meaner.
This man–rib–woman relation encodes the logic of individuation: the systemic process by which meaning potential is distributed across individual loci of consciousness. Individuation does not reduce the shared symbolic ground, but enriches it—allowing for co-instantiation, dialogue, and the relational construing of experience.
The woman is not an instance of man, but a unique realiser of meaning potential—a semiotic peer, not a derivative. Her creation marks the beginning of interpersonal meaning-making: not just language as speech, but language as social semiosis.
9. Conclusion: Reality as Meaning, Meaners as Differentiated Potential
Read through a semiotic lens, Genesis 1–2 is not a myth of material origin but a narrative of semiogenesis: the coming-into-being of reality through the construal of experience as meaning. Elohim is the meaning potential of language. His speech acts instantiate meaning. And with the emergence of Yahweh Elohim, the narrative shifts from cosmic differentiation to social individuation—marking the symbolic entrance of meaners into a shared world of meaning.
Reality, in this telling, is not given. It is made—instantiated—by meaners who live not in a world of things, but in a world of meaning. And the story of their creation is the story of language itself: systemic, symbolic, and shared.
In the beginning was not matter—but meaning.