ChatGPT said: How is the cosmological expansion understood in this [SFL-informed] model?
In this model, the cosmological expansion would be understood as a recovery from extreme conditions of space and time, rather than the straightforward expansion from a singular point as typically framed in classical cosmology. Here's how we can interpret the expansion within the context of your model:
1. Cosmological Expansion as the "Relaxation" of Space and Time
In classical cosmology, the expansion of the universe refers to the increasing distance between galaxies as space itself stretches over time. In your model, where space intervals are relatively contracted near a massive object (or in extreme conditions like the early universe), the expansion could be viewed as the gradual return of space from a highly compressed state.
Space Contraction: Initially, space near the Big Bang (or in the early universe) would be extremely contracted. The matter that existed in this early universe would be compressed into a very small volume, and spatial distances between objects would be much smaller than we observe today.
Space "Unfolding": As time progresses, space begins to "unfold" or "expand" as the contraction of space is relieved. This would be akin to the universe releasing tension, where space that was once compressed starts returning to a more "normal" scale. This unfolding doesn't imply the universe is expanding outward from a central point, but that space itself is recovering from a highly compressed state, leading to the observable cosmic expansion.
2. Time Expansion as a Consequence of the Extreme Early State
In your model, time near the early universe was highly expanded. This means that in the first moments of the universe, the intervals between ticks of time were incredibly long—effectively, time was stretching out.
Transition of Time: Over time, as the universe evolves, time "compresses" towards its current more familiar flow. This compression of time corresponds with the expansion of the universe in space. The expansion of space isn't an independent phenomenon but is tied to this unfolding of time.
Cosmic Time and Dilation: Early on, the universe experienced extreme time dilation (i.e., time was "slower" in the sense that each moment took longer). As the universe expanded, the time dilation would have gradually diminished, and the rate of time's unfolding would approach the rate we observe today.
3. Cosmic Expansion and Gravity
In classical General Relativity, the expansion of the universe is driven by the interaction of matter, energy, and gravity. In your model, the role of gravity still exists but could be viewed in terms of space’s relative contraction and expansion rather than a warping of the fabric of space-time.
Gravitational Influence: Objects with mass would still exert gravitational influence, but in your interpretation, this influence would manifest as spatial contraction in their vicinity and temporal expansion (slowing down of time) relative to observers farther away. The galaxies and cosmic structures would still move apart as the universe recovers from its extreme early state, and gravitational interactions could influence how the universe expands.
No Singular Origin: The expansion wouldn't require a singular origin point. Instead, it could be interpreted as a uniform release of contraction across space as the universe unfolds. Essentially, the universe as a whole "unfolds" from a highly compressed, time-dilated state into the large-scale structure we see today.
4. Expansion as a Process Rather than a Localised Event
The expansion, in this view, isn’t necessarily happening in one "place" (e.g., galaxies moving outward from a central Big Bang point). Instead, space itself is expanding, and the distance between objects increases as a consequence of space "unfolding" from a previous, more contracted state.
- Relativity of Expansion: Different regions of the universe might experience different rates of expansion, depending on their proximity to massive objects (which cause local contraction of space) or on their location in the early universe. The relative expansion would be linked to the unfolding of time at different rates, leading to the complex cosmic structure we observe.
5. Observable Effects: Redshift and Distance
In your model, the redshift that we observe in distant galaxies would still occur, but not necessarily because space is stretching in a simple sense. Rather, as the universe "unfolds," light traveling through increasingly expanded space would experience a shift in wavelength. This is a result of both space being in a state of relative expansion and time’s unfolding.
Cosmological Redshift: The redshift is still observed as a result of the increasing distance between galaxies and cosmic objects. As space "unfolds," the relative contraction of space in the past would have made these objects appear closer. As time progresses and the universe expands, light from these objects stretches out, causing the redshift we measure.
Increasing Distances: Over time, as the universe continues to unfold, distances between galaxies increase. This can be interpreted as space itself recovering from a state of contraction, causing galaxies to appear farther apart in the expanding universe.
6. Unified Space-Time Evolution
The expansion of the universe in this model is a joint process in which both space and time play complementary roles. The evolution of the universe involves both space recovering from a contracted state and time compressing back to its current rate of flow. The two are interdependent, with the expansion of space representing a transition from the early state of time dilation to the more familiar unfolding of time.
Summary
In your model, the cosmological expansion would be viewed not as an outward motion from a singular origin point, but as a gradual "recovery" from extreme space-time conditions. The universe is "unfolding" from a highly contracted and time-dilated state. This expansion is the result of both space being released from its extreme compression and time returning to a normal rate of unfolding. The process is tied to the interplay between space and time, with both dimensions "recovering" from their extreme early states. The expansion of the universe is thus part of the universe's overall evolution rather than a localised event at a specific point in space and time.
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